The present paper aims to synthesize the state-of-the-art of advanced assessment methods used in bridges and also highlights the involvement, influence and direct relationship of these methods with the different aspects currently considered in the Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) of existing bridges. It has been shown that advanced methods like reliability-based assessment and updating data from results obtained through both Weight-in-Motion (WIM) and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems led to better results than conventional methods in terms of having a more realistic understanding of the actual condition of the structure by decreasing some existing uncertainties and, therefore, resulting on a more accurate LCA, sometimes concluding that the bridge has not to be posted/strengthened/replaced. Advanced evaluation methods have a great impact on the LCA of bridges because besides reducing the maintenance and repair costs, they allow a more accurate assessment and to extend the life-span of the structure while maintaining adequate levels of performance and safety.