The research is focused on the interactions between landscape systems and human land-use changes in the littoral plain of the Empordà (North-Eastern Catalonia) from a long-term and interdisciplinary perspective. Multiproxy paleoenvironmental data have been cross-checked with archaeological and historical data. According to results first clearances and farming activities occur in the inland sector of the plain coinciding with the development of the Iberian culture and the foundation of the Greek colony of Emporion. The Early Roman period from the 2nd-1st century BC involved a new process of landscape shaping.