Autor/a:
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Gascon, Mireia; Triguero-Mas, Margarita; Martínez, David; Dadvand, Payam; Forns, Joan; Plasència, Antoni; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
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Abstract:
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Many studies conducted during the last decade suggest the mental
health benefits of green and blue spaces. We aimed to
systematically review the available literature on the long-term
mental health benefits of residential green and blue spaces by
including studies that used standardized tools or objective
measures of both the exposures and the outcomes of interest. We
followed the PRISMA statement guidelines for reporting
systematic reviews and meta-analysis. In total 28 studies were
included in the systematic review. We found limited evidence for
a causal relationship between surrounding greenness and mental
health in adults, whereas the evidence was inadequate in
children. The evidence was also inadequate for the other
exposures evaluated (access to green spaces, quality of green
spaces, and blue spaces) in both adults and children. The main
limitation was the limited number of studies, together with the
heterogeneity regarding exposure assessment. Given the increase
in mental health problems and the current rapid urbanization
worldwide, results of the present systematic review should be
taken into account in future urban planning. However, further
research is needed to provide more consistent evidence and more
detailed information on the mechanisms and the characteristics
of the green and blue spaces that promote better mental health.
We provide recommendations for future studies in order to
provide consistent and evidence-based recommendations for policy
makers. |