The current energy demand growth rates of Southeast Asia (SEA) and their fossil fuel-based generation-mix represent the main barrier to CO2 emissions reduction in the region. Furthermore this region is particularly affected by the global warming effects. Thus the reduction of CO2 emissions should be a priority concerning the energy policy of this region. Owing to the large potentials of intermittent renewable energies (RE), such as wind and Sun, these are called to play a decisive function in this challenge. Nevertheless for exploiting these potentials, the integration of these types of RE has to be studied. This will be the question that will occupy us along this work. In 2005 a model simulating the grid, comprising the changes of the intermittent RE, was developed by Nina Heitmann in the Max Planck Institut for Plasma Physics. In this thesis we have adapted this URBS-model to simulate the grid of nine countries of SEA: Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. For using the model we have realized a broad literature research, with the objective of obtaining some of the input data of our model such as: installed capacity, load demand, and interconnections, among others. Apart from this literature research, we have built a model for simulating the load curves, and we performed an analysis of the wind and Sun time series, later used in the model. Afterwards and with the aim of modeling the effects of the integration of RE in SEA, different scenarios were created. Through reducing the CO2 emission’s limit of the grid in successive scenarios, the integration of the RE was simulated. Then different scenarios were created simulating the interconnection possibilities and the different wind potentials. After the evaluation of the results we could concretely determinate which configurations were economically-optimal for the integration of the RE, as well as defining the minimum requirements for the grid conversion to a 100% RE generation-mix.

Outgoing