Over the past 15 years the business environment in Cameroon has undergone profound changes. As well, the socio-economic context has changed significantly. On the one hand, this project arises in a context marked by the resurgence of rampant unemployment in both urban and rural, which particularly affects young people from the school system; On the other hand, it is partly by the desire of the authorities to ensure strong and sustained growth of national economy and conditions for sustainable job creation, through the promotion of private enterprises, namely small and medium sized enterprises as well as micro-enterprises. This orientation of economic policy is seen as a major strategy to fight against poverty. Consistent with our mission of organizing and supporting creation and development of small enterprises, we mean by this work make a contribution to the implementation of the strategy for the promotion of employment through enterprises focused on the most vulnerable groups including young people from the educational system as well. The thesis aims at educating the public to entrepreneurship and the issue, ultimately, is to contribute to the decrease in the failure rate of start-ups, and increase the chances of success of any young candidate entrepreneur willing to conduct his social and professional self-employment.